chemotherapy

noun

che·​mo·​ther·​a·​py ˌkē-mō-ˈther-ə-pē How to pronounce chemotherapy (audio)
: the therapeutic use of chemical agents to treat disease
especially : the administration of one or more cytotoxic drugs to destroy or inhibit the growth and division of malignant cells in the treatment of cancer

Note: Chemotherapy may be used alone as a primary treatment or may be used before, after, or in conjunction with surgery or radiation.

called also chemo

chemotherapist noun

Examples of chemotherapy in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web Isabella said her second round of chemotherapy has now been pushed back a week because of the unexpected craniotomy. Vanessa Etienne, Peoplemag, 6 Mar. 2024 In her previous vlog, Isabella revealed that she was hospitalized after a series of fevers followed her first round of chemotherapy. Shania Russell, EW.com, 6 Mar. 2024 In Florida, a cancer center is racing to find money for chemotherapy drugs to avoid delaying critical treatments for its patients. Julie Creswell, New York Times, 5 Mar. 2024 Clinical trials stand out amidst the bleak landscape of GBM treatment, where patients typically receive surgery, followed by a toxic and ultimately ineffective regimen of chemotherapy drugs and radiotherapy (i.e. beams of intense energy to kill cancer cells). Ourbrainbank, Forbes, 1 Mar. 2024 That's because both eggs and testes may be damaged following chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Dana Taylor, USA TODAY, 1 Mar. 2024 Research indicates that vitamin E can decrease the effectiveness of few chemotherapy drugs (e.g. cyclosporin). Allison Futterman, Discover Magazine, 16 Feb. 2024 The 19-year-old has been doing physical therapy and working on her balance after finishing her first round of chemotherapy Michael Strahan's daughter Isabella Strahan has started physical therapy following her first round of chemotherapy for her brain tumor. Vanessa Etienne, Peoplemag, 23 Feb. 2024 Before the infusion of CAR-T cells, patients receive chemotherapy to prepare and clear their immune system. Theresa Gaffney, STAT, 21 Feb. 2024

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'chemotherapy.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from German Chemotherapie, from chemo- chemo- + Therapie therapy

Note: The German word Chemotherapie is strongly associated with Paul ehrlich, though it is uncertain if he is its originator. Ehrlich probably first used the word in print in the article "Chemotherapeutische Trypanosomen-Studien," Berliner klinische Wochenschrift, 44. Jahrgang, No. 9 (March 4, 1907), pp. 233-36 (along with the Latin equivalent chemotherapia in the phrase chemotherapia specifica). Ehrlich employed the word earlier, however, in an address read at the dedication of the Georg-Speyer-Haus in Frankfurt am Main on September 6, 1906. What appears to be a summary of the address was published as "Die Aufgaben der Chemotherapie" ("The Tasks of Chemotherapy") in the feuilleton section of the Frankfurter Zeitung und Handelsblatt, 51. Jahrgang, No. 244, September 4, 1906, p. 1. The full text of the address ("Ansprache bei Einweihung des Georg-Speyer-Hauses") was published for the first time in The Collected Papers of Paul Ehrlich, edited by F. Himmelweit, vol. III Chemotherapy (London, 1960), pp. 42-52.

First Known Use

1910, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of chemotherapy was in 1910

Dictionary Entries Near chemotherapy

Cite this Entry

“Chemotherapy.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chemotherapy. Accessed 19 Mar. 2024.

Kids Definition

chemotherapy

noun
che·​mo·​ther·​a·​py ˌke-mō-ˈther-ə-pē How to pronounce chemotherapy (audio)
: the use of chemical agents in the treatment or control of disease (as cancer)
chemotherapeutic
-ˌther-ə-ˈpyüt-ik
adjective

Medical Definition

chemotherapy

noun
che·​mo·​ther·​a·​py -ˈther-ə-pē How to pronounce chemotherapy (audio)
plural chemotherapies
: the therapeutic use of chemical agents to treat disease
Pyrazinamide is one of the most important drugs in modern chemotherapy of tuberculosis …Max Salfinger et al., The Journal of the American Medical Association
especially : the administration of one or more cytotoxic drugs to destroy or inhibit the growth and division of malignant cells in the treatment of cancer
Cancer cells mutate at a furious rate, and they can evolve the means to resist most chemotherapy drugs, requiring higher and more toxic doses to achieve an effect. Shannon Brownlee and Nancy Shute, U.S. News & World Report
Neutropenia and infection are major dose-limiting side effects of chemotherapy. Jeffrey Crawford et al., The New England Journal of Medicine

called also chemo

Note: Chemotherapy may be used alone as a primary treatment or may be used before, after, or in conjunction with surgery or radiation.

More from Merriam-Webster on chemotherapy

Last Updated: - Updated example sentences
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